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H. H. GORDON.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION mu: 02c. 1.2. ms.

llliwltfid Feb. 3,1920.

3 SHEETSSHEEI I P, if

H. H. GORDON.

'DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION mm on. I2. ms.

Patented Feb. 3, 1920.

\O M v ii 4 Fig-4:

H. H. GORDON.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

aPPucmou mu) ozc. I2. new.

1,330,021, Patented Feb. 3,1920.

' 3 SHEETS-SHIN 3- aww'm to t To who'mit. bzaytonceim; y I Be it knownthat I, HAY EB H- GonuoN, a citizen of the United States of America,

dynamo electric machines. bodimentdn-any machine offthis type in usefulImprovements in UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

HAYHER H. GORDON, QF WASH moron, msrnrc'r or commute.

.DYNAMO-ELECTRIQMACHINEL Specification 0 Application filed Decemberresiding at. Washington, in theyDistrict of Columbia, have inventedcertain new'and gnome-Electric Machines; and I do hereby eclare thefollowing to. be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such-as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it apper tains tomake and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in It may find emu hi'ch it isdesired to produce an i'ntcrmitf tent selective flow of current in aplurality of circuits, energized by the dynamo electric machine... g

- In the particular instance for the'purpose of best illustratingapplication of; my invention, I have selected as an embodiment thereof,an ignition generator of maglieto type such as is used for producing theignition current for the internal combustion motor.

I The usual ignition magneto for an inter 'nal combustion engine ofthemultiple cylinder. type comprises a rotating means for producing a.changing magnetic flux through a.

hightension coil ci -winding. The high tension current thus produced isled to a-distributer which is employed to selectively distribute hightension-current to the spark plug of the internal combustion motor inthe necessary firing sequence. The distributor, which is an element ofthe magneto is usually constructed of hard rubber, ba-

kelite, or other similar expensive substance together with the useofgearln 111 1116 mag: neto structure with the use of earings andshafting and the distributor therefore be-- 7 comes one of the mostexpensiveand delicate parts involved in the structure of the magneto.

The general object of my invention is to provide an electrical generatorfor the selective energization of aplurality of independent circuitscontinuously connected witha plurality of windings on the gem orator.

A further object is to provide an ignition magneto for multiple cylinderinternal com-j. L bustion motors in which a plurality of windings areselectively ener ized by'the changing magnetic flux produced in themagneto. A further object is to provide an-ignition Patented Feb. 3,1920. 12, 1918. Serial no. 1aa, 44o.

2 Letters 3mm.-

of the engine.

Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic embodiment of my invention as applied toan electrical generator having rotating windings of the Bosch type.

Fig. .2 shows a diagrammatic embodiment y of my invention as a plied toan electrical generator having fix windings of the Dixie type.

F ig.,3 shows the elevation of a magneto for a four cylinder internalcombustion engine specifically embodying my invention.

1g. 4 is a section of Fig. 3 taken on line Fig. 5 is a section .of thecoil structure shown in Fig. 3, taken on line 5-5. Fig. 6 is an end viewof an interrupter used in this magneto with the cover removed. Fig. 7 isa diagrammatic view-of the circuits of the magneto and theirconnections. In the diagrammatic embodiment of the invention shown inFig. 1, a shaft 9 which is driven in synchronism with the engine crankshaft, carries fixed upon it; two armatures 15 and 16. These armaturesare united at the ends by pole pieces 13, and 14, it being understoodthat this structure in practice would be laminated, as is the case withall revolving armatures subjected to a varying magnetic flux. As theshaft 9 rotates the pole pieces 13 and 14 pass in close prox imity tothe magnetic pole pieces 11 and.12, thereby subjecting the armatures 15and 16 to a variable mafgnetic flux, twice during each revolution 0 theshaft 9 in a manner wellknown in magneto practice.

Each of the ar1natures-15 and 16 carry two' windings. The windings 17and 18 are of low resistance and of few turnswhileithe windings of 19and 20 consist of a large number of turns of fine wire. The windings 17and 18 are grounded on the armature at 30 and the other ends of thesewindings to the stationary contacts 28 and 29 of the air cuit breaker 24being connected by leads 21 and 22.; Q h

The ends of coil 19 are connected to the slip rings making contact withthe collecting brushes 5 and 8 and those of coil 20 to the slip ringsmaki contact with collecting brushes '6 and 7-, t e brushes .5 and 8bethis small interval of lar manner ing connected respectively to sparkplugs 4 and 1, and brushes 6 aml 7 being connected res ectively to plugs2 and 3 of the engine. X condenser 23 is placed across the leads 21 and22 to absorb the are at the contacts 28 and 29. By this manner ofconnecting the condenser, one condenser serves for both breaks.

As the shaft 9 completes each revolution the armatures \villtwice hebrought into a osition where the lines of magnetic force.

Will tend to change from a positive value.

to a negative value. I

This sudden change in magnetic flux in armatnres'15 and-16 will tend toset up a current in the windings l7 and 18, as these windings arenormally closed circuited through the contacts 28 and 2S). Such currentas is produced in the windings l7 and 18 will, however, set up a countermagneto force in the armatures cores 15 and I6 and this counter magnetoforce will in turn re sist any change in the number of lines of forcepassing through the armature cores. The result will therefore be thatthe wind ings 17 and 18 will act as choke windings with respect to themagnetic flux, only sailicient flux change taking place in the cores intime to supply the FR loss of the windings 17 and 18.

\Vhile the armatilres are still in this position, however, one of thesenormally closed windings such as His opened by the cam 25 as shown at29. lVhen this happens the large body of magnetic force and the magnetlc flux which has been held back b the choke windings, at once rushesthrougl the core 15 causing a magnetic surge of great intensity. Becauseof this, potential is" at once built up in the turns of secondary 19which surrounds the active com 15 sufliciently to break down the plugs 1and 4 connected therewith. The spark thus'formcd, however, is not aninstantanoous flash, preciable interval of time due to the regulativeaction existing between the now active. winding 19 and the chan ing fluxthrough the core 15, the current owing in the sow ondarycoil preventingthe instanlammns discharge of magnetic energy in the core 15.

In similar manner when --haft 9 has rotatod through 180 and th armaturesagain become sub ected to a maximumilux change the circuit of coil 18 isopened permitting the magnetic flux to pass through the core 16. This.ma metic change will in a simiiuild up a potential in the winding 20and spallovivill therefore be produced at plugs 2 aml 3 which areconnected to the windings -20'bymeans of the sli rings and brushes 6 and7.

lugs 1 and 4 are located in c linders l and 4 of a four cylinder fourcyc e internal combustion engine, the cranks of these cylgaps at thespark but lasts during an up indcrs and pistons of the cylinders. 12 and3 also move togcthclm While piston l is coming up on compression, piston4 is coming up on exhaust and the spark which occurs at plug 4 willtherefore take place in an inclt hot gas.

In a similar manner the plugs ,2 and 3 will spark simultaneously, onespark taking place upon compression stroke and the other on exhauststroke.

The structure shown in Fig. it operates upon the same principle, arevolving shaft 9 carrying a magnetic motor X. S. which as it revolvesimpresses a variable magnetic flux upon the. pole pieces 33 and 2H.lwice each revolution of shaft 9 the rate of change in magnetic flux inpoles 33! and 34 reaches a maximum. As set forth in connection with Fig.1, however, the windings l7 and 18 are grounded at 30, 3t) and connectedby leads 21 and 2:! to contacts 28 and 2 of the circuit breaker 24, andtherefore, normally being closed circuitethset up a counter magnetomotive force, preventing all but. a small portion of llux change to Likeplace in cores 15 and 16.

Just at this time, however, the cam :27 acts on one of the members :26or 27 to open circuit one of the choke windings and the magnetic surgepasses through the open core '95 containing the open circuited chokewinding causing a potential surge in the secondary wound thereon andcausing sparks at the two plugs connected thereto in the llltlll' nerpreviously set forth. It should be understood that one of. the plugswill fire the charge on the con'ipression, the other firing in theexhaust gases in a manner well undcrstood by those skilled in the art.

The choke windings l7 and i8 alternately being opened by cam 25, sparksoccur alternately at the plugs! and 4; and 2 and 3, and ignition currentmay therefore be provided for a four cylinder cycle internal combust onmotor, direct from the magneto 11 without the use, of a distributcr or,an breaks in the high tension conductors.

Although diagrammatically shown in colinection with a four cylinderengine, the useof my invention is in no way limited to the same. Ifapplied to a six cylinder engine, the only changes necessary would bethe addition of a third core between the members 33 and 34 of Fig. 2,the core also carrying choke and secondary windings, together with anadditional pair of contacts at the circuit breaker. My invention mightalso be used for eight and twelve cylinder ignition by making use. ofthe ordinary four or six cylinderdistributors and grounding one end ofeach-of the secondary windings 19 and 20 and connecting the other endsrespectively to the distributing arms of the distributors, each one ofwhich would serve one set of cylinders.

a specific embodiment of my invention in a four cylinder motor.

were a rotating magnet each carrying it The magneto consists. of a baseplate 43 of non-magnetic material carrying the magnetic end pieces 42and 44, fitting between the end pieces being a. permanent magnet 41, thesame consisting 0 two'parts with the central drtion cutaway as is shownin sec-- tion in ig. 4. A cylindrical member 59 of non-ma etic materialis also jrotatalily mounte' between the end plates 42 and 4 1, the endof this; member which projects throaghend White 42 carrying the circuitreaker base plate. I I Y -Mounted inside of this cylindrical member 59at the"circuift breaker end is a ball bearing 55. A 'similai-hallbearing 56 is mounted 'int e end plate 44 these hearings carr ing anon-magnetic shaft 9. ,Mounted on t llS shaft and fixed to rotatetherewith, are two steel pole pieces 57 aud os. These pole pieces beingcontinuoi'lsly' contact with the'mag'net supporting end'plate's 12 and44 become magnetized and form asit Supported by the cylindrical member59 and ldcate'd in such apo'sition that they will be subjected tonvariable n'iagntic flux as the phle pieces 57 and '58 "rotate, are thelaminated s'ta'tiona'ry *pole's 61 and- 62.-' These poles carry Verticalprojections 49, 49 and 48, 48, 'Whichfsiippo'rt-the co'il'eleme'nt. Thiselement when 18 slio'iin in section in Fig. 5 consists (if we laminatedcores 50 and 5; chdke'a-indingslmwn at,-17 and 18am! also i'vindings '19and 20. Theeniljoif'the'scondary p'indingsitre connected'to'theterniinalsfi, as, atanaes, the ends of coil l9gleadingjto terminals and36 and "those ofcoil 20 *le'adin'g to'terminals 37'iinil 381s "shown "in7. A condenser is (23) in tween the coils. the condenser being,connected across the ends of ithe choke windings. This mfilfiirnectio'n, as already stated,permits the condenser'to function for bothp'air's of interru ter contacts.

. his coil elementwhieh "is'prefemlilyincased in some insulatingconipositiomis-sup- )orted between the of the magnet 41, eing mountedwith the core 60 in" magnetic contact with vertical nir'riliers '48, 48"and core -51 in contact with the vertical memhere 49, 49being retainedin this positionb two pin and socket connections, one of Whit? 1' isshown at *47. Two insiilated-leadspi'ojeetdo'wnwmf ly'fronfthe'ooil-elemnt, mole ing contact h the binding posts 39 and 40respmtively, whichare mounted upon an insulating "block 63. Two leadsalso conncct the posts-39 and 20 respectively to the stationary'inte'mipter contacts 28 and 29; these leads which'are shown at21,-21-i1r mg switch (not shown) (if condenser con-1 7,. pass through apassageway, or conduit member 59. The binding posts 39 point ofconnection for a and 40 serve as a double pole groundto controloperation of the magneto in a manner well known to those familiar withthe art- The circuit breaker consists of a circular base plate '24fastened integrally to the cylindrical member59 having mounted thereonan insulating late 60 which in turn carries two rectang ed fixedcontacts supports. The base plate also rarries two pivot pins 54, 54upon whicl; are mounted the movable contact arms 26, 2 t

' The contacts are normally held closed by the single spring 53 and onecontact'at a time is opened by the cam 25 in every 180 of rotationthereof. a

The arms 26. 27 are so mounted on the base plate of the circuit breaker,andthis base plate so positioned on the cylindrical member 59thatthecontactsare opened by the cam '25 during the maximum flux change in thepole piecesifil and '62. As the circuit breaker. cylindrical member 59,pole pieces 61 and '62, and the coils all more to ther when "the sparkis advanced or retar ed by alm '64, the position of the poles '61 and 62is shifted with the circuit breaker, and the time of the interruption isnever changed i'vi th respect the poles.

he operation of this magneto is identical with "that shown in Fig. 2. Asthe shaft 9 rotates a maximum flux change as set up in the ;poles 6 1,62 twice per revolution, this flux change attempting to )ass through thecores 50 and 51 of the coil element, but in so doing, current is inducedin the choke ivindings 17 and 18. the main body of flux e 'ange' takesplace alternately inthe cores 50 and 51, this alternately producing asparkin potential at the terminal points 35, 3Q and37. 38.

Iftheterminals, 35 and 36 be connected to the plugs in eylinders'l and4,and-terminals :37, 38 to'plugs in'cylindcrs 2 and 3 din fourcylinderfour'cycle internal combustion engine, correct ign tion will befurnished the engine by the magneto in the manner hereinbeforeset-forth.

""What I claim isi f1. Ina dynamo electric machine, a plurality ofseparate magnetic paths,'mechanicallyj movable "means tending tosimultane and means for normally restraining said change in all themagnetic paths but one.

In a'dynamo electric machine, a plurality of separate-magnetic paths,rotar mechanically movable means tending to S!- multaneously'induce a.magnetic flux change in'all of said paths, and means for norto themaximum flux change in ously induce therein, a. magnetic flux change,

mally. restraining said change in all of the magnetic paths lmt onc.

i. In a dynamo electric machine, a plurality of se )ttt'ilte magneticpaths, mechanicallv mova ile means tending to simultaneous y inducetherein a magnetic flux change, and electrical means for normallyrestraining said change in certain of the magnetic paths.

4. la a dynamo electric machine, a pluralityof separate i|ia-;neticpaths, rotary mechanically movable means tending tosimultaneously inducea magnetic flux change in all -of said paths, andelectrical means for normallyrestrainin said change in certain of themagnetic pat is.

5. In 'a' dynamo electric machine, a pinrality of separate magneticpaths, mechanicallc movable means tending to simultaneous y induce amagnetic flux change in all of said paths. and electrical meanscomprisin choke windings for normally restraining said change in certainof the magnetic niths.

t;- n a dynamo electric machine, a pinrality of separate magnetic paths,mechanically movable .means tending to simultanes ously induce amagnetic tiux change in all of said iaths, a current producing windingmounted on each of said paths, and electrical means for normallyrestraining said magnetic tlnx change in certain of said magnetic paths.

T. In a dynamo electric machine, a plurality of ge-neratiln windings,mechanically movable means tem ing to simultaneously induce a magneticflux changoin all of said windings, and electrical means for normallyrestraining said change in certain of said windings.

8. In a dynamo electric machine, a plurality of generating windings,mechanically movable means tending to simultaneously induce a magneticflux change in all of said windings. and electrical means comprisingchoke windings for normally restraining said flux change in certain ofsaid windings.

9. In a dynamo electric nnu-hine,'two Ilux receptive poles, mechanicallymovable means for mducinga changing magnetic [tax in said poles, aplurality of separate magnetic cores connecting said poles, and adaptedto carry the changing magnetic flux, and means whereby the changingmagnetic flux may be selectively limited to certain of said cores.

It). In a dynamo electric machine, a plurality of magnetic cores,mechanically movable means tending to simultaneously induce a changingmagnetic flux in all of said cores,

a high tension winding surroundin each core, a choke winding surroundingone 1 core which is normally closed circuited; and means comprising acircuit breaker for selectively opening said choke windin s synchronousy with said magnetic flux 0 wage, and thereby )ermit the selectiveenergization of said high tension windings.

11. In an ignition dynamo, a plurality of magnetic cores each bearin ahigh tension winding and a choke winding; spark plugs connected to thehigh tension windings, and a circuit breaker connected to thechokewindings; mechanically movable means tending to simultaneously induce amaximum magnetic tiux change in all of-the magnetic cores, and tosynchronously operate the circuit breaker to selectively open the chokewindings and thereby permit the selective cnergization of the hightension windings and the spark plugs connected thereto.

12. In a dynamic-electric machine, a plurality of separate magneticpaths, mechanically movable means tending to simultaneous y induce amagnetic flux change in all of said paths, a current producing windingmounted on each of said paths, electrical means for normally restrainingsaid magnetic tlux change in certain of said magnetic paths, andpermitting magnetic flux change to take place in certain other of saidmagnetic paths. and means exterio to said magnetic paths fordeterminingthe rate of flux change.

13. in an ignition system for internal combustion engines, thecombination of a dy nalno electric machine having a plurality of currentproducing windings, mechanical Ilnn'alllc means for causing thegeneration of current in said windings, a plurality of ignition devicescontinuously connected to said windings, and a low tension circuitinterrupter operated in s \'nchronism with the engine. for controllingthe selective encrgization of certain portions of the windings.

14. In an ignition system for internalconr lnistion engines.the,'comhimition of a dynamo electric machine having a plurality of hightension windings, meclninically movable means for causing the generationof current in said'wimlingsfia plurality of spar-k gaps continuouslyconnected-to said windings. and a low tension circuit interrupteroperated in synchronism with the engine for eontrolliiig the selectiveenergization of certain portionsof the high tension windings.

In testimony:whereof I hereunto atiixnny signature.

' HAYNER H. GORDON.

